Sentimentalism versus professionalism: Augusta J. Evans and Henry James
Contending versions of realism: Rebecca Harding Davis and William Dean Howells
Local color and the ethnographic gaze: Sarah Orne Jewett, Abraham Cahan, and Charles W. Chesnutt
Novels of race and racism: Mark Twain, Frances Ellen Watkins Harper, and James Weldon Johnson
New women and new stories: Edith Wharton and Pauline Hopkins
Naturalism and novels of besieged white masculinity: Theodore Dreiser and Frank Norris
Toward modernism: Stephen Crane and Gertrude Stein.
