Politics and change in the Middle East: sources of conflict and accommodation

Traditional cultures of the Middle East: the cradle of civilization and politics

The foundations of Islam

The political legacy of Islam, 632-1800 C.E.

Western imperialism, 1800-1914 C.E.

The rise of the state system, 1914-1950

The drive for self-determination, 1950-1990

Turning points

The politics of religion, culture, and social life

Political elites

Political leadership in the contemporary Middle East

The economic setting

International relations in the Middle East, 1945-1990

International relations in the Middle East, 1945-1990: the regional actors

The Middle East and the changing international order: 1991-2001

Did 9/11 change everything?