More than mayor or manager: campaigns to change form of government in America's large cities

1. Introduction : Framing constitutional contests in large cities / James H. Svara and Douglas J. Watson

2. St. Petersburg : easing into a strong-mayor government / J. Edwin Benton, Donald C. Menzel, and Darryl Paulson

3. Spokane : development debate sparks government debate / Wendy L. Hassett

4. Hartford : politics trumps professionalism / Wendy L. Hassett

5. Richmond : implementation of and experience with strong-mayor form of government / Nelson Wikstrom

6. San Diego : switch from reform to representative / Glen W. Sparrow

7. Oakland : the power of celebrity? Explaining strong-mayor charter reform / Megan Mullin

8. Kansas City : the evolution of council-manager government / Kimberly Nelson and Curtis Wood

9. Grand Rapids : a lack of enthusiasm for change in the council-manager form / Eric S. Zeemering

10. Dallas : the survival of council-manager government / Karen M. Jarrell

11. Cincinnati : charter conflict and consensus / John T. Spence

12. El Paso : professionalism over politics in the shift to council-manager government / Larry Terry

13. Topeka : council-manager redux finding balance in the politics-administration dichotomy / R. Paul Bataglio Jr.

14. St. Louis : déjà vu all over again-charter reform fails / Robert Cropf, Todd Swanstrom, and Scott Krummenacher

15. Portland : "Keep Portland weird," retaining the commission form of government / Doug Morgan, Masami Nishishiba, and Dan Vizzini

16. Conclusion : Distinct factors and common themes in change of form referenda / James H. Svara and Douglas J. Watson